{
    "meta": {
        "title": "Tamil literature from the Sangam age to 1900",
        "generated": "2026-11-01",
        "count": 7,
        "filters": {
            "category": "Grammar & Lexicon",
            "period": "S",
            "sort": "period"
        }
    },
    "works": [
        {
            "id": 19,
            "title_ta": "தொல்காப்பியம்",
            "transliteration": "Tolkappiyam",
            "type_en": "Kappiyam",
            "type_ta": "காப்பியம்",
            "category": "Grammar & Lexicon",
            "collection": "Ilakkanam",
            "level": "Work",
            "period": "Sangam",
            "period_range": "c. 300 BCE–250 CE",
            "period_code": "S",
            "date": "c. 3rd BCE–5th CE (disputed)",
            "author": "Tolkappiyar",
            "tradition": "Secular",
            "extent": "3 books, 27 iyals, c. 1,610 nurpas",
            "status": "Extant",
            "notes": "Ezhuthu, Sol, Porul; oldest extant Tamil grammar, also a poetics of akam and puram.",
            "metadata_source": "Standard histories of Tamil literature",
            "project_madurai": {
                "numbers": [
                    100,
                    500,
                    516
                ],
                "pdf": "https://www.projectmadurai.org/pm_etexts/pdf/pm0100.pdf",
                "text": "https://www.projectmadurai.org/pm_etexts/utf8/pmuni0100.html"
            },
            "wikisource_search": "https://ta.wikisource.org/w/index.php?search=%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D",
            "commentaries": {
                "project_madurai": [
                    {
                        "label": "நச்சினார்க்கினியர் உரை",
                        "pm": 500,
                        "pdf": "https://www.projectmadurai.org/pm_etexts/pdf/pm0500.pdf",
                        "text": "https://www.projectmadurai.org/pm_etexts/utf8/pmuni0500.html"
                    },
                    {
                        "label": "நச்சினார்க்கினியர் உரை (பகுதி 2)",
                        "pm": 516,
                        "pdf": "https://www.projectmadurai.org/pm_etexts/pdf/pm0516.pdf",
                        "text": "https://www.projectmadurai.org/pm_etexts/utf8/pmuni0516.html"
                    }
                ],
                "archive_org": [
                    {
                        "kind": "விளக்கவுரை",
                        "commentator": "சேனாவரையர் உரை, விளக்கவுரையுடன்",
                        "year": "1966",
                        "archive_id": "acc.-no.-15983-tholkappiyam-solathikaram...-1966",
                        "url": "https://archive.org/details/acc.-no.-15983-tholkappiyam-solathikaram...-1966"
                    },
                    {
                        "kind": "உரை",
                        "commentator": "ஆ. சிவலிங்கனார் (பதி.)",
                        "year": "1983",
                        "archive_id": "vtn-024-tolkappiyam-uraivalam-chollathigaram-1983",
                        "url": "https://archive.org/details/vtn-024-tolkappiyam-uraivalam-chollathigaram-1983"
                    }
                ]
            },
            "tamil_text_archive": {
                "archive_id": "dli.jZY9lup2kZl6TuXGlZQdjZM7k0py.TVA_BOK_0001591",
                "url": "https://archive.org/details/dli.jZY9lup2kZl6TuXGlZQdjZM7k0py.TVA_BOK_0001591"
            },
            "english": {
                "project_madurai": [],
                "archive_org": [],
                "published": "S. Ilakkuvanar, Tholkappiyam in English with critical studies (1963)",
                "online": ""
            },
            "archive_search": "https://archive.org/search?query=%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%20%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%88"
        },
        {
            "id": 291,
            "title_ta": "அகத்தியம்",
            "transliteration": "Agathiyam",
            "type_en": "Lost work",
            "type_ta": "மறைந்த நூல்",
            "category": "Grammar & Lexicon",
            "collection": "Lost works – First Sangam (legendary)",
            "level": "Work",
            "period": "Sangam",
            "period_range": "c. 300 BCE–250 CE",
            "period_code": "S",
            "date": "date unknown",
            "author": "Agathiyar",
            "tradition": "Secular",
            "extent": "Lost; fragments in commentaries",
            "status": "Lost",
            "notes": "Believed to cover all three branches: iyal, isai, natakam. Source: Tamil Wikipedia list.",
            "metadata_source": "Tamil Wikipedia list",
            "project_madurai": {
                "numbers": [],
                "pdf": "",
                "text": ""
            },
            "wikisource_search": "https://ta.wikisource.org/w/index.php?search=%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D",
            "commentaries": {
                "project_madurai": [],
                "archive_org": []
            },
            "tamil_text_archive": null,
            "english": {
                "project_madurai": [],
                "archive_org": [],
                "published": "",
                "online": ""
            },
            "archive_search": "https://archive.org/search?query=%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%20%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%88"
        },
        {
            "id": 295,
            "title_ta": "மாபுராணம்",
            "transliteration": "Maapuranam",
            "type_en": "Lost work",
            "type_ta": "மறைந்த நூல்",
            "category": "Grammar & Lexicon",
            "collection": "Lost works – Second Sangam (legendary)",
            "level": "Work",
            "period": "Sangam",
            "period_range": "c. 300 BCE–250 CE",
            "period_code": "S",
            "date": "date unknown",
            "author": "Unknown",
            "tradition": "Secular",
            "extent": "Lost",
            "status": "Lost",
            "notes": "Source: Tamil Wikipedia list.",
            "metadata_source": "Tamil Wikipedia list",
            "project_madurai": {
                "numbers": [],
                "pdf": "",
                "text": ""
            },
            "wikisource_search": "https://ta.wikisource.org/w/index.php?search=%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D",
            "commentaries": {
                "project_madurai": [],
                "archive_org": []
            },
            "tamil_text_archive": null,
            "english": {
                "project_madurai": [],
                "archive_org": [],
                "published": "",
                "online": ""
            },
            "archive_search": "https://archive.org/search?query=%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%20%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%88"
        },
        {
            "id": 296,
            "title_ta": "பூதபுராணம்",
            "transliteration": "Boothapuranam",
            "type_en": "Lost work",
            "type_ta": "மறைந்த நூல்",
            "category": "Grammar & Lexicon",
            "collection": "Lost works – Second Sangam (legendary)",
            "level": "Work",
            "period": "Sangam",
            "period_range": "c. 300 BCE–250 CE",
            "period_code": "S",
            "date": "date unknown",
            "author": "Unknown",
            "tradition": "Secular",
            "extent": "Lost",
            "status": "Lost",
            "notes": "Source: Tamil Wikipedia list.",
            "metadata_source": "Tamil Wikipedia list",
            "project_madurai": {
                "numbers": [],
                "pdf": "",
                "text": ""
            },
            "wikisource_search": "https://ta.wikisource.org/w/index.php?search=%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D",
            "commentaries": {
                "project_madurai": [],
                "archive_org": []
            },
            "tamil_text_archive": null,
            "english": {
                "project_madurai": [],
                "archive_org": [],
                "published": "",
                "online": ""
            },
            "archive_search": "https://archive.org/search?query=%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%20%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%88"
        },
        {
            "id": 297,
            "title_ta": "இசைநுணுக்கம்",
            "transliteration": "Isainunukkam",
            "type_en": "Lost work",
            "type_ta": "மறைந்த நூல்",
            "category": "Grammar & Lexicon",
            "collection": "Lost works – Second Sangam (legendary)",
            "level": "Work",
            "period": "Sangam",
            "period_range": "c. 300 BCE–250 CE",
            "period_code": "S",
            "date": "date unknown",
            "author": "Sigandi (disciple of Agathiyar)",
            "tradition": "Secular",
            "extent": "Lost",
            "status": "Lost",
            "notes": "Grammar of music. Source: Tamil Wikipedia list.",
            "metadata_source": "Tamil Wikipedia list",
            "project_madurai": {
                "numbers": [],
                "pdf": "",
                "text": ""
            },
            "wikisource_search": "https://ta.wikisource.org/w/index.php?search=%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D",
            "commentaries": {
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                "archive_org": []
            },
            "tamil_text_archive": null,
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                "project_madurai": [],
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                "published": "",
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        },
        {
            "id": 299,
            "title_ta": "கூத்தநூல்",
            "transliteration": "Koothanool",
            "type_en": "Lost work",
            "type_ta": "மறைந்த நூல்",
            "category": "Grammar & Lexicon",
            "collection": "Lost works",
            "level": "Work",
            "period": "Sangam",
            "period_range": "c. 300 BCE–250 CE",
            "period_code": "S",
            "date": "date unknown",
            "author": "Sathanar (later work of the name)",
            "tradition": "Secular",
            "extent": "Partly lost",
            "status": "Fragmentary / partial",
            "notes": "Treatise on dance. Source: Tamil Wikipedia list.",
            "metadata_source": "Tamil Wikipedia list",
            "project_madurai": {
                "numbers": [],
                "pdf": "",
                "text": ""
            },
            "wikisource_search": "https://ta.wikisource.org/w/index.php?search=%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D",
            "commentaries": {
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                "archive_org": []
            },
            "tamil_text_archive": null,
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                "project_madurai": [],
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                "published": "",
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            "archive_search": "https://archive.org/search?query=%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%20%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%88"
        },
        {
            "id": 303,
            "title_ta": "மதிவாணர் நாடகத் தமிழ்",
            "transliteration": "Mathivanar Nataka Thamizh",
            "type_en": "Ilakkanam (grammar)",
            "type_ta": "இலக்கணம்",
            "category": "Grammar & Lexicon",
            "collection": "Isai & natya",
            "level": "Work",
            "period": "Sangam",
            "period_range": "c. 300 BCE–250 CE",
            "period_code": "S",
            "date": "c. 1st c. CE (as given)",
            "author": "Mathivanan",
            "tradition": "Secular",
            "extent": "Lost",
            "status": "Lost",
            "notes": "Grammar of drama. Source: Tamil Wikipedia list.",
            "metadata_source": "Tamil Wikipedia list",
            "project_madurai": {
                "numbers": [],
                "pdf": "",
                "text": ""
            },
            "wikisource_search": "https://ta.wikisource.org/w/index.php?search=%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%20%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%20%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%8D",
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            "tamil_text_archive": null,
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    ]
}