{
    "meta": {
        "title": "Tamil literature from the Sangam age to 1900",
        "generated": "2026-11-01",
        "count": 25,
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            "category": "Prose",
            "sort": "period"
        }
    },
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        {
            "id": 416,
            "title_ta": "கோயிலொழுகு",
            "transliteration": "Koyil Ozhugu",
            "type_en": "Prose",
            "type_ta": "உரைநடை",
            "category": "Prose",
            "collection": "Chronicle",
            "level": "Work",
            "period": "Pandya–Nayak",
            "period_range": "c. 1300–1700",
            "period_code": "N",
            "date": "17th c.",
            "author": "Unknown",
            "tradition": "Vaishnava",
            "extent": "Chronicle",
            "status": "Extant",
            "notes": "Temple history of Srirangam. Source: Govindasamy 1969.",
            "metadata_source": "M. Govindasamy, Tamil Ilakkiya Varalaru (1969)",
            "project_madurai": {
                "numbers": [],
                "pdf": "",
                "text": ""
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            "commentaries": {
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            "tamil_text_archive": {
                "archive_id": "na-koyilolugu-1976",
                "url": "https://archive.org/details/na-koyilolugu-1976"
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        },
        {
            "id": 417,
            "title_ta": "ஏசுநாதர் சரித்திரம்",
            "transliteration": "Yesunathar Charithiram",
            "type_en": "Charithiram",
            "type_ta": "சரித்திரம்",
            "category": "Prose",
            "collection": "Christian Tamil",
            "level": "Work",
            "period": "Pandya–Nayak",
            "period_range": "c. 1300–1700",
            "period_code": "N",
            "date": "1606–1656",
            "author": "Robert de Nobili",
            "tradition": "Christian (Catholic)",
            "extent": "Prose",
            "status": "Extant",
            "notes": "One of 18 Tamil works by him, including Neethi Chol. Source: Govindasamy 1969.",
            "metadata_source": "M. Govindasamy, Tamil Ilakkiya Varalaru (1969)",
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                "numbers": [],
                "pdf": "",
                "text": ""
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            "wikisource_search": "https://ta.wikisource.org/w/index.php?search=%E0%AE%8F%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%20%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D",
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            "tamil_text_archive": null,
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            "archive_search": "https://archive.org/search?query=%E0%AE%8F%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%20%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%20%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%88"
        },
        {
            "id": 1116,
            "title_ta": "ஞானோபதேச காண்டம், ஆத்தும நிர்ணயம், கடவுள் நிர்ணயம் முதலிய நூல்கள்",
            "transliteration": "Njaanoopatheecha Kaantam, Aaththuma Nirnayam, Katavul Nirnayam Muthaliya Nuulkal *",
            "type_en": "Puranam",
            "type_ta": "புராணம்",
            "category": "Prose",
            "collection": "Christian Tamil",
            "level": "Work",
            "period": "Pandya–Nayak",
            "period_range": "c. 1300–1700",
            "period_code": "N",
            "date": "17th c. (per M. Arunachalam)",
            "author": "ராபர்ட் டி நொபிலி (தத்துவ போதகர்) — Raapart Ti Nopili (thaththuva Poothakar) *",
            "tradition": "Christian",
            "extent": "",
            "status": "Extant",
            "notes": "Source: tamil.wiki century list (from M. Arunachalam, Tamil Ilakkiya Varalaru).",
            "metadata_source": "tamil.wiki century lists (M. Arunachalam, Tamil Ilakkiya Varalaru)",
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                "text": ""
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            "tamil_text_archive": null,
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        {
            "id": 1117,
            "title_ta": "தம்பிரான் வணக்கம், கிரீசித்தாணி வணக்கம்",
            "transliteration": "Thampiraan Vanakkam, Kiriichiththaani Vanakkam *",
            "type_en": "Prose",
            "type_ta": "உரைநடை",
            "category": "Prose",
            "collection": "Christian Tamil",
            "level": "Work",
            "period": "Pandya–Nayak",
            "period_range": "c. 1300–1700",
            "period_code": "N",
            "date": "17th c. (per M. Arunachalam)",
            "author": "ஹென்றிக் ஹென்றிக்ஸ் பாதிரியார் — Henrik Henriks Paathiriyaar *",
            "tradition": "Christian",
            "extent": "",
            "status": "Extant",
            "notes": "Source: tamil.wiki century list (from M. Arunachalam, Tamil Ilakkiya Varalaru).",
            "metadata_source": "tamil.wiki century lists (M. Arunachalam, Tamil Ilakkiya Varalaru)",
            "project_madurai": {
                "numbers": [],
                "pdf": "",
                "text": ""
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            "wikisource_search": "https://ta.wikisource.org/w/index.php?search=%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%20%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D",
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            "tamil_text_archive": null,
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            "archive_search": "https://archive.org/search?query=%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%20%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%20%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%88"
        },
        {
            "id": 216,
            "title_ta": "பரமார்த்த குரு கதை",
            "transliteration": "Paramartha Guru Kathai",
            "type_en": "Prose",
            "type_ta": "உரைநடை",
            "category": "Prose",
            "collection": "Christian Tamil",
            "level": "Work",
            "period": "18th century",
            "period_range": "1700–1800",
            "period_code": "E",
            "date": "18th c.",
            "author": "Veeramamunivar (Beschi)",
            "tradition": "Christian (Catholic)",
            "extent": "8 stories",
            "status": "Extant",
            "notes": "Comic prose tales; early Tamil prose fiction.",
            "metadata_source": "Standard histories of Tamil literature",
            "project_madurai": {
                "numbers": [],
                "pdf": "",
                "text": ""
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            "wikisource_search": "https://ta.wikisource.org/w/index.php?search=%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%20%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%20%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%88",
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            "tamil_text_archive": null,
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            "archive_search": "https://archive.org/search?query=%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%20%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%20%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%88%20%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%88"
        },
        {
            "id": 231,
            "title_ta": "தமிழ்ப் புதிய ஏற்பாடு",
            "transliteration": "Ziegenbalg New Testament",
            "type_en": "Prose",
            "type_ta": "உரைநடை",
            "category": "Prose",
            "collection": "Christian Tamil",
            "level": "Work",
            "period": "18th century",
            "period_range": "1700–1800",
            "period_code": "E",
            "date": "1715 CE",
            "author": "Bartholomäus Ziegenbalg",
            "tradition": "Christian (Lutheran)",
            "extent": "Translation",
            "status": "Extant",
            "notes": "Printed at Tranquebar; first Bible portion in an Indian language.",
            "metadata_source": "Standard histories of Tamil literature",
            "project_madurai": {
                "numbers": [],
                "pdf": "",
                "text": ""
            },
            "wikisource_search": "https://ta.wikisource.org/w/index.php?search=%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%20%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%20%E0%AE%8F%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81",
            "commentaries": {
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            },
            "tamil_text_archive": null,
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                "project_madurai": [],
                "archive_org": [],
                "published": "",
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            "archive_search": "https://archive.org/search?query=%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%20%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%20%E0%AE%8F%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%20%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%88"
        },
        {
            "id": 423,
            "title_ta": "வேதியர் ஒழுக்கம்",
            "transliteration": "Vethiyar Ozhukkam",
            "type_en": "Prose",
            "type_ta": "உரைநடை",
            "category": "Prose",
            "collection": "Christian Tamil",
            "level": "Work",
            "period": "18th century",
            "period_range": "1700–1800",
            "period_code": "E",
            "date": "18th c.",
            "author": "Veeramamunivar (Beschi)",
            "tradition": "Christian (Catholic)",
            "extent": "Prose",
            "status": "Extant",
            "notes": "Manual for catechists. Source: Govindasamy 1969.",
            "metadata_source": "M. Govindasamy, Tamil Ilakkiya Varalaru (1969)",
            "project_madurai": {
                "numbers": [],
                "pdf": "",
                "text": ""
            },
            "wikisource_search": "https://ta.wikisource.org/w/index.php?search=%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%20%E0%AE%92%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D",
            "commentaries": {
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            },
            "tamil_text_archive": {
                "archive_id": "tamil-christian-ebook-1849-rev-beschy",
                "url": "https://archive.org/details/tamil-christian-ebook-1849-rev-beschy"
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                "published": "",
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        },
        {
            "id": 456,
            "title_ta": "யாழ்ப்பாண வைபவம்",
            "transliteration": "Yazhpana Vaipavam",
            "type_en": "Prose",
            "type_ta": "உரைநடை",
            "category": "Prose",
            "collection": "Chronicle",
            "level": "Work",
            "period": "18th century",
            "period_range": "1700–1800",
            "period_code": "E",
            "date": "18th c.",
            "author": "Mailvagana Pulavar",
            "tradition": "Saiva",
            "extent": "Chronicle",
            "status": "Extant",
            "notes": "History of Jaffna; also Kasiyathirai Vilakkam, Gnanalankara Natakam. Source: Govindasamy 1969.",
            "metadata_source": "M. Govindasamy, Tamil Ilakkiya Varalaru (1969)",
            "project_madurai": {
                "numbers": [],
                "pdf": "",
                "text": ""
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            "tamil_text_archive": null,
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            "archive_search": "https://archive.org/search?query=%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A3%20%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%20%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%88"
        },
        {
            "id": 462,
            "title_ta": "ஞானக் கண்ணாடி",
            "transliteration": "Gnanak Kannadi",
            "type_en": "Prose",
            "type_ta": "உரைநடை",
            "category": "Prose",
            "collection": "Christian Tamil",
            "level": "Work",
            "period": "18th century",
            "period_range": "1700–1800",
            "period_code": "E",
            "date": "1750 CE",
            "author": "Tranquebar mission",
            "tradition": "Christian (Lutheran)",
            "extent": "Prose",
            "status": "Extant",
            "notes": "Source: Govindasamy 1969.",
            "metadata_source": "M. Govindasamy, Tamil Ilakkiya Varalaru (1969)",
            "project_madurai": {
                "numbers": [],
                "pdf": "",
                "text": ""
            },
            "wikisource_search": "https://ta.wikisource.org/w/index.php?search=%E0%AE%9E%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%20%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF",
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            "tamil_text_archive": null,
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        },
        {
            "id": 1169,
            "title_ta": "வேத விளக்கம், பேதம் மறுத்தல், ஞானம் உணர்த்தல், லுத்தர் இனத்தியல்பு",
            "transliteration": "Veetha Vilakkam, Peetham Maruththal, Njaanam Unarththal, Luththar Inaththiyalpu *",
            "type_en": "Prose",
            "type_ta": "உரைநடை",
            "category": "Prose",
            "collection": "Christian Tamil",
            "level": "Work",
            "period": "18th century",
            "period_range": "1700–1800",
            "period_code": "E",
            "date": "18th c. (per M. Arunachalam)",
            "author": "வீரமாமுனிவர் — Viiramaamunivar *",
            "tradition": "Christian",
            "extent": "",
            "status": "Extant",
            "notes": "Source: tamil.wiki century list (from M. Arunachalam, Tamil Ilakkiya Varalaru).",
            "metadata_source": "tamil.wiki century lists (M. Arunachalam, Tamil Ilakkiya Varalaru)",
            "project_madurai": {
                "numbers": [],
                "pdf": "",
                "text": ""
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                "archive_org": [
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                        "kind": "விளக்கவுரை",
                        "commentator": "",
                        "year": "",
                        "archive_id": "tdl.13028-nuul-veet-villkkm",
                        "url": "https://archive.org/details/tdl.13028-nuul-veet-villkkm"
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        },
        {
            "id": 1170,
            "title_ta": "வாமன் சரித்திரம்",
            "transliteration": "Vaaman Chariththiram *",
            "type_en": "Charithiram",
            "type_ta": "சரித்திரம்",
            "category": "Prose",
            "collection": "Christian Tamil",
            "level": "Work",
            "period": "18th century",
            "period_range": "1700–1800",
            "period_code": "E",
            "date": "18th c. (per M. Arunachalam)",
            "author": "வீரமாமுனிவர் — Viiramaamunivar *",
            "tradition": "Christian",
            "extent": "",
            "status": "Extant",
            "notes": "Source: tamil.wiki century list (from M. Arunachalam, Tamil Ilakkiya Varalaru).",
            "metadata_source": "tamil.wiki century lists (M. Arunachalam, Tamil Ilakkiya Varalaru)",
            "project_madurai": {
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                "pdf": "",
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            "transliteration": "Tamil Bible (Navalar / Union version)",
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            "author": "Peter Percival with Arumuga Navalar",
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            "notes": "Earlier version by Ziegenbalg (NT 1715) and Fabricius (18th c.).",
            "metadata_source": "Standard histories of Tamil literature",
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            "collection": "Islamic Tamil",
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            "notes": "Source: Tamil Wikipedia list.",
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                "pdf": "https://www.projectmadurai.org/pm_etexts/pdf/pm0654.pdf",
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        },
        {
            "id": 707,
            "title_ta": "ஊசோன் பாலந்தை கதை",
            "transliteration": "Ooson Balanthai Kathai",
            "type_en": "Novel",
            "type_ta": "புதினம்",
            "category": "Prose",
            "collection": "Novel",
            "level": "Work",
            "period": "19th century",
            "period_range": "1800–1900",
            "period_code": "T",
            "date": "1891 CE",
            "author": "S. Innasithamby",
            "tradition": "Christian",
            "extent": "Novel",
            "status": "Extant",
            "notes": "Early Sri Lankan Tamil novel. Source: standard histories; check against a printed source.",
            "metadata_source": "Standard histories of Tamil literature",
            "project_madurai": {
                "numbers": [],
                "pdf": "",
                "text": ""
            },
            "wikisource_search": "https://ta.wikisource.org/w/index.php?search=%E0%AE%8A%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%20%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%88%20%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%88",
            "commentaries": {
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            "tamil_text_archive": null,
            "english": {
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            "archive_search": "https://archive.org/search?query=%E0%AE%8A%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%20%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%88%20%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%88%20%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%88"
        },
        {
            "id": 708,
            "title_ta": "பிரேம கலாவதியம்",
            "transliteration": "Prema Kalavathiyam",
            "type_en": "Novel",
            "type_ta": "புதினம்",
            "category": "Prose",
            "collection": "Novel",
            "level": "Work",
            "period": "19th century",
            "period_range": "1800–1900",
            "period_code": "T",
            "date": "c. 1893 CE (uncertain)",
            "author": "Gurusami Sarma",
            "tradition": "Secular",
            "extent": "Novel",
            "status": "Extant",
            "notes": "Early Tamil novel; date and details to be confirmed against a printed source.",
            "metadata_source": "Standard histories of Tamil literature",
            "project_madurai": {
                "numbers": [],
                "pdf": "",
                "text": ""
            },
            "wikisource_search": "https://ta.wikisource.org/w/index.php?search=%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%AE%20%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D",
            "commentaries": {
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            "tamil_text_archive": null,
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            "archive_search": "https://archive.org/search?query=%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%AE%20%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%20%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%88"
        },
        {
            "id": 709,
            "title_ta": "பஞ்சதந்திரக் கதை",
            "transliteration": "Panchathanthira Kathai",
            "type_en": "Prose",
            "type_ta": "உரைநடை",
            "category": "Prose",
            "collection": "Stories",
            "level": "Work",
            "period": "19th century",
            "period_range": "1800–1900",
            "period_code": "T",
            "date": "1826 CE",
            "author": "Thandavaraya Mudaliar",
            "tradition": "Secular",
            "extent": "Prose stories",
            "status": "Extant",
            "notes": "Tamil prose version of the Panchatantra, Fort St George College. Source: Project Madurai catalogue.",
            "metadata_source": "Project Madurai catalogue",
            "project_madurai": {
                "numbers": [
                    406
                ],
                "pdf": "https://www.projectmadurai.org/pm_etexts/pdf/pm0406.pdf",
                "text": "https://www.projectmadurai.org/pm_etexts/utf8/pmuni0406.html"
            },
            "wikisource_search": "https://ta.wikisource.org/w/index.php?search=%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%9E%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%20%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%88",
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                "url": "https://archive.org/details/tdl.38725-nuul-pnyctntirk-ktai-mutlaavtu-mittirpeetm"
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            "archive_search": "https://archive.org/search?query=%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%9E%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%20%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%88%20%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%88"
        },
        {
            "id": 710,
            "title_ta": "விநோத ரசமஞ்சரி",
            "transliteration": "Vinotha Rasa Manjari",
            "type_en": "Prose",
            "type_ta": "உரைநடை",
            "category": "Prose",
            "collection": "Stories",
            "level": "Work",
            "period": "19th century",
            "period_range": "1800–1900",
            "period_code": "T",
            "date": "1876 CE",
            "author": "A. Veerasamy Chettiyar",
            "tradition": "Secular",
            "extent": "Prose stories and anecdotes",
            "status": "Extant",
            "notes": "Popular 19th-century prose collection about poets and patrons. Source: standard histories.",
            "metadata_source": "Standard histories of Tamil literature",
            "project_madurai": {
                "numbers": [],
                "pdf": "",
                "text": ""
            },
            "wikisource_search": "https://ta.wikisource.org/w/index.php?search=%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%A4%20%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%9E%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF",
            "commentaries": {
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            "tamil_text_archive": null,
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}